Questionee:

questionee (n.): a person who is questioned; [e.g.]: “As the questioner persisted the questionee soon lost interest”. ~ (Collins English Dictionary).

Radical:

[Dictionary Definition]: ‘radical: forming the root, basis, or foundation; original, primary; of a quality etc., inherent in the nature of a thing or person; fundamental; of action, change, an idea, etc., going to the root or origin; pertaining to or affecting what is fundamental; far-reaching, thorough; characterised by departure from tradition; progressive; unorthodox; [math.] pertaining to or forming the root of a number or quantity; [philol.] of or belonging to the roots of words; connected with or based on roots; [mus.] belonging to the root of a chord; [bot.] of or belonging to the root of a plant; esp. (of a leaf) springing directly from the rootstock or from the base of the stem’. (Oxford Dictionary).

Radical:

Rapportage: 

Ratiocinative:

Reconciliation:

[Dictionary Definition]: ‘reconciliation: the action or an act of making, regarding as, or showing to be consistent or compatible’. (Oxford Dictionary).

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Reconcile:

[Dictionary Definition]: ‘reconcile: make or regard as compatible or consistent; show the compatibility of by argument or in practice; show to be in accordance [reconcile his philosophy and his actions: harmonise, make compatible, put in agreement, adjust, attune, make coincide, make congruent]’. (Oxford Dictionary).

Red Herring: 

red herring (idiom): something that draws attention away from the central issue, as in “Talking about the new plant is a red herring to keep us from learning about downsizing plans” {also: “The candidate used the minor issue as a red herring to distract voters from the corruption accusations against him” and “The mystery writer is known for introducing red herrings to arouse the reader’s suspicion of innocent characters”}; the herring in this expression is red and strong-smelling from being preserved by smoking; the idiom alludes to dragging a smoked herring across a trail to cover up the scent and throw off tracking dogs. [Late 1800s]. [curly-bracketed insert added] ~ (American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms).

Redact; Redactor; Redactorial; Redaction; Redactional:

• redacteur (n.): same as redactor. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• redactor (n.): one who redacts; one who prepares matter for publication; an editor; [e.g.]: “Each successive singer and redactor furnishes it [the primeval mythus] with new personages, new scenery, to please a new audience”. (Thomas Carlyle, 1795-1881, “Nibelungen Lied”, 1890); “Distrust of Dorothea’s competence to arrange what he had prepared was subdued only by distrust of any other redactor”. (George Eliot (neé Mary Anne Evans), “Middlemarch”, 1871-1872, 1). [also, as French, redacteur; from French rédacteur + Spanish, Portugese redactor = Italian redattore, from New Latin redactor, ‘an editor’, Latin redigere, pp. redactus, ‘lead back’, ‘collect’, ‘reduce to a certain state’: see redact]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• redactor (n.): someone who puts text into appropriate form for publication; (synonyms): reviser, rewrite man, rewriter; abbreviator, abridger (one who shortens or abridges or condenses a written work); editor, editor in chief (a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text, especially of a newspaper or magazine). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0).

• redact (tr.v.): 1† (obsolete): to bring to a specified form or condition; force or compel to assume a certain form; reduce; [e.g.]: “Then was the teste or potsherd [the brasse, golde, and syluer] redaite into dust”. (George Joye, 1495-1553, “The Exposicion of Daniel the Prophete”, ii); “They were now become miserable, wretched, sinful, redact to extreme calamity”. (Francis Bacon, “The Works of Francis Bacon”, p. 46; Halliwell); “Plants they had, but metals whereby they might make use of those plants, and redact them to any form or instruments of work, were yet (till Tubal Cain) to seek”. (Bishop Joseph Hall, 1574-1656, “The Character of Man, 1635); 2. to bring into a presentable literary form; edit; [e.g.]: “I saw the reporters’ room, in which they redact their hasty stenographs”. (Ralph Waldo Emerson, “English Traits”, 1856, p. 265). [from Old French redacter, Spanish redactar, ‘redact’, ‘edit’, from Latin redactus, pp. of redigere (hence French rédiger + Dutch redigeren = German redigiren, Swedish redigera = Danish redigere), ‘drive’, ‘lead’, or ‘bring back’, ‘call in’, ‘collect’, ‘raise’, ‘receive’, ‘reduce to a certain state’, from red-, ‘back’+ agere, ‘drive’, ‘do’; see act ]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• redact (tr.v.; redacted, redacting, redacts): 1. to draw up or frame (a proclamation, for example); 2. to make ready for publication; edit or revise; 3. to delete or remove (private or sensitive information) from a document in preparation for publication; (n.): redactor. [Middle English redacten, from Latin redigere, redāct-, ‘to drive back’, from red-, ‘re-’ + agere, ‘to drive’, ‘do’]. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary).

• redact (tr.v.): 1. to compose or draft (an edict, proclamation, etc); 2. to put (a literary work, etc) into appropriate form for publication; edit; (n.): redactor, redaction; (adj.): redactional. [C15: from Latin redigere, ‘to bring back’, from red-, ‘re-’ + agere, ‘to drive’]. ~ (Collins English Dictionary).

• redact (v.): to put into suitable literary form; edit; (n.): redaction.[1830-40; from Latin redāctus, past participle of redigere, ‘to drive back’, ‘restore’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).

• redact (v.): formulate in a particular style or language; (synonyms): put, cast, frame, couch; [e.g.]: “I wouldn’t put it that way”; “She cast her request in very polite language”; give voice, phrase, word, articulate, formulate (put into words or an expression); [e.g.]: “He formulated his concerns to the board of trustees”; 2. prepare for publication or presentation by correcting, revising, or adapting; (synonyms): edit, alter, change, modify (cause to change; make different; cause a transformation); [e.g.]: “Edit a book on lexical semantics”; “She edited the letters of the politician so as to omit the most personal passages”; “The advent of desktop publishing altered knowledge dissemination”; “The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue”; interpolate, alter, falsify (insert words into texts, often falsifying it thereby); cut up, hack (significantly cut up a manuscript); black out (suppress by censorship as for political reasons); [e.g.]: “Parts of the newspaper article were blacked out”; blank out (cut out, as for political reasons); [e.g.]: “Several lines in the report were blanked out”; copyedit, copyread, subedit (edit and correct written or printed material); bracket out, bracket (place into brackets); [e.g.]: “Please bracket this remark”. ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0).

• redact (v.): to edit sensitive documents before release to the public; [e.g.]: “With today’s heightened awareness of the legal implications of exposing information, it is common to redact even email messages before sending them”. ~ (The Computer Language Company Inc.).

• redaction (n.): 1. the act of reducing to order; the act of preparing for publication; said of literary or historical matter; [e.g.]: “To work up literary matter and give it a presentable form is neither compiling, nor editing, nor resetting; and the operation performed on it is exactly expressed by redaction”. (Fitzedward Hall, 1825-1901, “Modern English”, 1873, p. 310); 2. a work thus prepared; a special form, edition, or version of a work as digested, revised, or rewritten; [e.g.]: “In an early redaction of the well-known ballad of Lord Ronald, which was published in the Universal Magazine for 1804, the name of the unfortunate victim to ‘eels boil’d in brue’ is Laird Rowland”. (Notes and Queries, 6th series, xɪɪ. 134⁽*⁾); “This fresh discovery does not furnish us with the date of the story, but it gives us the date of one of its redactions, and shows it must have existed in the middle of the fourteenth century”. (Edinburgh Review, ᴄʟxɪᴠ. 192); “Ionic redaction of Cynaithos of Chios about the middle of the sixth century”. (American Journal of Philology, ᴠɪɪ. 233); 3. the staff of writers on a newspaper or other periodical; an editorial staff or department. (Imperial Dictionary); 4†. the act of drawing back; a withdrawal; [e.g.]: “It takes away all reluctation and redaction, infuseth a pliable willingness; of wolfish and dogged, makes the will lamb-like and dove-like”. (Rev. Samuel Ward, 1577-1640, “Sermons and Treatises”, p. 31). [= Dutch redaktie = German, Swedish, Danish redaktion = French rédaction, ‘a compiling’, also ‘a working over’, ‘editing’, ‘the editorial staff’ = Spanish redaccion, Portuguese redacção, Italian redazione, from New Latin redactio(n-), ‘redaction’, from Latin redigere, pp. redactus, ‘lead back’, ‘colleet’, ‘prepare’, ‘reduce to a certain state’; see redact]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• redactorial (adj.): of or pertaining to a redactor or redaction; having the character of a redaction; [e.g.]: “Three chief documents, viz. the Yahwistic, the Elohistic, and the Editorial or Redactorial”. (“The Academy”, Feb. 11, 1888, p. 92). [from redactor + ial]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• redactional (adj.): relating to or of the nature of a redaction. from [redaction + -al¹]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia).

• redaction is a form of editing in which multiple sources of texts are combined (redacted) and altered slightly to make a single document. Often this is a method of collecting a series of writings on a similar theme and creating a definitive and coherent work. The term is also used to describe removal of some document content, replacing it typically with black rectangles which indicate the removal. For example, originally classified documents released under freedom of information legislation may have sensitive information redacted in this way. There is an alternative name for this practice, sanitisation.

(Redaction in its sanitisation sense, as distinguished from its other editing sense, is the blacking out or deletion of text in a document, or the result of such an effort. It is intended to allow the selective disclosure of information in a document while keeping other parts of the document secret. Typically the result is a document which is suitable for publication or for dissemination to others than the intended audience of the original document. For example, when a document is subpoenaed in a court case, information not specifically relevant to the case at hand is often redacted. The two most common mistakes for incorrectly redacting a digital document are adding an image layer over the sensitive text without removing the underlying text, and setting the background color to match the text color. In both of these cases, the redacted material still exists in the document underneath the visible appearance and is subject to searching and even simple copy and paste extraction. Proper redaction tools and procedures must be used to permanently remove the sensitive information).

On occasion, the persons performing the redaction (the redactors) add brief elements of their own. The reasons for doing so are varied and can include the addition of elements to adjust the underlying conclusions of the text to suit the redactor’s opinion, adding bridging elements to integrate disparate stories, or the redactor may add a frame story, such as the tale of Scheherazade which frames the collection of folk tales in “The Book of One Thousand and One Nights”.

Sometimes the source texts are interlaced, particularly when discussing closely related details, things, or people. This is common when source texts contain alternative versions of the same story, and slight alterations are often made in this circumstance, simply to make the texts appear to agree, and thus the resulting redacted text appears to be coherent. Such a situation is proposed by the documentary hypothesis in the academic field of biblical scholarship, which affirms that multiple redactions occurred during the composition of the Torah, often combining source texts with different narratives, which have rival political attitudes and aims, together; another example is the Talmud.

Redactional processes are documented in numerous disciplines, including ancient literary works and biblical studies. Much has been written on the role of redaction in creating meaning for texts in various formats. ~ (2011 Wikipedia Encyclopaedia).
⁽*⁾[https://archive.org/details/notesandqueries45haylgoog/page/134/mode/1up].

Reflecter:

Religious Institutions:

Rhetorical Device, Rhetoric:

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Rise: 

• rise (n.): elevation or increase in rank, fortune, influence, etc.; [e.g.]: “the rise and fall of ancient Rome”. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary).

• rise (n.): elevation in status, prosperity, or importance; [e.g.]: “the family’s rise in New York society”. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary).

• rise (adj.): to attain higher rank, status, or reputation; [e.g.]: “he will rise in the world”. ~ (Collins English Dictionary).

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Rishi:

‘Having Achieved what the (Ancient) Ṛṣi Didn’t/Couldn’t’:

ṛṣi (m.): a singer of sacred hymns, an inspired poet or sage, any person who alone or with others invokes the deities in rhythmical speech or song of a sacred character (e. g. the ancient hymn-singers Kutsa, Atri, Rebha, Agastya, Kuśika, Vasishṭha, Vy-aśva).

• The Ṛshis were regarded by later generations as patriarchal sages or saints, occupying the same position in India history as the heroes and patriarchs of other countries, and constitute a peculiar class of beings in the early mythical system, as distinct from gods, men, Asuras, &c.
• They are the authors or rather seers of the Vedic hymns, i. e. according to orthodox Hindū ideas they are the inspired personages to whom these hymns were revealed, and such an expression as ‘the Ṛshi says’ is equivalent to ‘so it stands in the sacred text’.
• Seven Ṛshis, sapta ṛṣayaḥ, or saptaṛṣayaḥ, or saptarṣayaḥ, are often mentioned in the Brāhmaṇas and later works as typical representatives of the character and spirit of the pre-historic or mythical period.
• Their names are given as follows, Gotama, Bharadvāja, Viśvā-mitra, Jamadagni, Vasishṭha, Kaśyapa and Atri.
• Marīci, Atri, Aṅgiras, Pulaha, Kratu, Pulastya, Vasishṭha are given as the names of the Ṛshis of the first Manvantara, and they are also called Prajāpatis or patriarchs.
• Afterwards three other names are added, viz. Pracetas or Daksha, Bhṛgu, and Nārada, these ten being created by Manu Svāyambhuva for the production of all other beings including gods and men.
• In astron. the seven Ṛshis form the constellation of ‘the Great Bear’.
• Metaphorically, the seven Ṛshis may stand for the seven senses or the seven vital airs of the body.
• A saint or sanctified sage in general, an ascetic, anchorite (this is a later sense sometimes three orders of these are enumerated, viz. Devarshis, Brahmarshis, and Rājarshis; sometimes seven, four others being added, viz. Maharshis, Paramarshis, Śrutarshis, and Kāṇdarshis).
• The seventh of the eight degrees of Brāhmans.
• A hymn or Mantra composed by a Ṛshi.
• The Veda Comm. on MBh. and Pat.
• A symbolical expression for the number seven.
• The moon.
• An imaginary circle.
• A ray of light.
• The fish Cyprinus Rishi; (arsan, ‘a sage, a man old in wisdom’; arrach, ‘old, ancient, aged’).

(Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary; first published in 1899 by Oxford University Press).

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Ruth:

[Dictionary Definition]: ‘ruth: compassion, pity; the feeling of sorrow for another’. (Oxford Dictionary).

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